scurf(名词):(尤指头皮的)头皮屑;(皮肤或物体表面脱落的)细小鳞屑/痂屑;也可引申指表面一层薄薄的污垢、浮渣等。
/skɜːrf/
There was scurf on his jacket after he scratched his head.
他挠了挠头,夹克上掉了些头皮屑。
The dermatologist explained that the scurf and itching were signs of an irritated scalp, so she recommended a mild medicated shampoo.
皮肤科医生解释说,这些鳞屑和瘙痒是头皮受刺激的表现,因此建议使用温和的药用洗发水。
该词来自中古英语 scurf,与古诺尔斯语中表示“痂、结壳”的词(如 skorfr 一类)有关,核心概念是“表面形成并脱落的薄层/痂屑”。后来意义常用于皮肤与头皮的鳞屑(即头皮屑),也可扩展到其他表面的“薄薄一层”。