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Koa 请求日志打点工具(下篇)

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  •   1heart · 2016-12-15 13:59:39 +08:00 · 2292 次点击
    这是一个创建于 2932 天前的主题,其中的信息可能已经有所发展或是发生改变。

    4 、最后用 escodegen 将 AST 生成代码(支持 soucemap ,所以错误栈对应的行数是对的)。 核心:每个请求到来时,生成(项目中本来就有 requestId 的话,可通过配置指定)一个 requestId ( uuid 类型)挂载到 this 上,这样就可以通过 requestId 将日志串起来了。

    特点:可以记录每个请求的流程(甚至可以查到某个用户某个时间段的请求),及每一次请求的每一步( step )的现场及返回值,方便调试或查 bug ,当然只针对 yield 表达式。

    举个栗子

    app.js

    'use strict';
    
    const koaYieldBreakpoint = require('koa-yield-breakpoint')({
      files: ['./routes/*.js']
    });
    
    const koa = require('koa');
    const routes = require('./routes');
    const app = koa();
    
    app.use(koaYieldBreakpoint);
    
    routes(app);
    
    app.listen(3000, () => {
      console.log('listening on 3000');
    });
    

    routes/index.js

    'use strict';
    
    const route = require('koa-route');
    const users = require('./users');
    
    module.exports = function (app) {
      app.use(route.get('/users', users.getUsers));
    };
    

    routes/users.js

    'use strict';
    
    const Mongolass = require('mongolass');
    const mongolass = new Mongolass();
    mongolass.connect('mongodb://localhost:27017/test');
    
    exports.getUsers = function* getUsers() {
      yield mongolass.model('users').create({
        name: 'xx',
        age: 18
      });
    
      const users = yield mongolass.model('users').find();
      this.body = users;
    };
    

    运行:

    DEBUG=koa-yield-breakpoint node app.js
    

    终端打印如下:

    ➜  example git:(master) DEBUG=koa-yield-breakpoint node app.js
    koa-yield-breakpoint options: {"files":["./routes/*.js"],"nodir":true,"absolute":true,"filter":{"ctx":["state","params"],"request":["method","path","header","query","body"],"response":["status","body"]},"loggerName":"logger","requestIdPath":"requestId"} +0ms
    
    koa-yield-breakpoint matched files: ["/Users/nswbmw/node/koa-yield-breakpoint/example/routes/index.js","/Users/nswbmw/node/koa-yield-breakpoint/example/routes/users.js"] +9ms
    
    koa-yield-breakpoint file /Users/nswbmw/node/koa-yield-breakpoint/example/routes/index.js regenerate codes:
    'use strict';
    const route = require('koa-route');
    const users = require('./users');
    module.exports = function (app) {
      app.use(route.get('/users', users.getUsers));
    }; +73ms
    
    koa-yield-breakpoint file /Users/nswbmw/node/koa-yield-breakpoint/example/routes/users.js regenerate codes:
    'use strict';
    const Mongolass = require('mongolass');
    const mongolass = new Mongolass();
    mongolass.connect('mongodb://localhost:27017/test');
    exports.getUsers = function* getUsers() {
      yield global.logger(this, function* () {
        return mongolass.model('users').create({
          name: 'xx',
          age: 18
        });
      }, 'mongolass.model(\'users\').create({\n    name: \'xx\',\n    age: 18\n})', '/Users/nswbmw/node/koa-yield-breakpoint/example/routes/users.js:8:2');
      const users = yield global.logger(this, function* () {
        return mongolass.model('users').find();
      }, 'mongolass.model(\'users\').find()', '/Users/nswbmw/node/koa-yield-breakpoint/example/routes/users.js:13:16');
      this.body = users;
    }; +15ms
    listening on 3000
    

    可以看出, routes/users.js 被替换成了:

    'use strict';
    const Mongolass = require('mongolass');
    const mongolass = new Mongolass();
    mongolass.connect('mongodb://localhost:27017/test');
    exports.getUsers = function* getUsers() {
      yield global.logger(this, function* () {
        return mongolass.model('users').create({
          name: 'xx',
          age: 18
        });
      }, 'mongolass.model(\'users\').create({\n    name: \'xx\',\n    age: 18\n})', '/Users/nswbmw/node/koa-yield-breakpoint/example/routes/users.js:8:2');
      const users = yield global.logger(this, function* () {
        return mongolass.model('users').find();
      }, 'mongolass.model(\'users\').find()', '/Users/nswbmw/node/koa-yield-breakpoint/example/routes/users.js:13:16');
      this.body = users;
    };
    

    为什么要将 yield 表达式包裹成这样呢?

    global.logger(
      this,
      function*(){
        return YieldExpression
      },
      YieldExpressionString,
      filename
    );
    

    而不是:

    global.logger(
      this,
      function(){
        return YieldExpression
      },
      YieldExpressionString,
      filename
    );
    

    或者:

    global.logger(
      this,
      yield YieldExpression,
      YieldExpressionString,
      filename
    );
    

    因为考虑到 YieldExpression 可能是以下情况导致 esprima 不能解析:

    1 、 User.find(yield xxx) 2 、 User.find( http://this.xxx)

    所以综合考虑只能放到 GeneratorFunction 里,另外,不用:

    global.logger(
      this,
      function*(){
        return yield YieldExpression
      },
      YieldExpressionString,
      filename
    );
    

    是因为这样会导致 esprima 解析死循环,所以去掉了里面的 yield ,在 logger 里 yield 。

    访问 localhost:3000/users ,终端打印出:

    { requestId: 'dad593c0-c4a1-4640-a00e-9ba0349cfd2f',
      timestamp: Wed Oct 26 2016 18:28:49 GMT+0800 (CST),
      this:
       { state: {},
         request:
          { method: 'GET',
            path: '/users',
            header: [Object],
            query: [Object] },
         response: { status: 404, body: undefined } },
      type: 'start',
      step: 1,
      take: 0 }
    { requestId: 'dad593c0-c4a1-4640-a00e-9ba0349cfd2f',
      step: 2,
      filename: '/Users/nswbmw/node/koa-yield-breakpoint/example/routes/users.js:8:2',
      timestamp: Wed Oct 26 2016 18:28:49 GMT+0800 (CST),
      this:
       { state: {},
         request:
          { method: 'GET',
            path: '/users',
            header: [Object],
            query: [Object] },
         response: { status: 404, body: undefined } },
      type: 'before',
      fn: 'mongolass.model(\'users\').create({\n    name: \'xx\',\n    age: 18\n})',
      result: undefined,
      take: 1 }
    { requestId: 'dad593c0-c4a1-4640-a00e-9ba0349cfd2f',
      step: 3,
      filename: '/Users/nswbmw/node/koa-yield-breakpoint/example/routes/users.js:8:2',
      timestamp: Wed Oct 26 2016 18:28:49 GMT+0800 (CST),
      this:
       { state: {},
         request:
          { method: 'GET',
            path: '/users',
            header: [Object],
            query: [Object] },
         response: { status: 404, body: undefined } },
      type: 'after',
      fn: 'mongolass.model(\'users\').create({\n    name: \'xx\',\n    age: 18\n})',
      result:
       { result: { ok: 1, n: 1 },
         ops: [ [Object] ],
         insertedCount: 1,
         insertedIds: [ undefined, 5810856182d0eea2f12030fd ] },
      take: 7 }
    { requestId: 'dad593c0-c4a1-4640-a00e-9ba0349cfd2f',
      step: 4,
      filename: '/Users/nswbmw/node/koa-yield-breakpoint/example/routes/users.js:13:16',
      timestamp: Wed Oct 26 2016 18:28:49 GMT+0800 (CST),
      this:
       { state: {},
         request:
          { method: 'GET',
            path: '/users',
            header: [Object],
            query: [Object] },
         response: { status: 404, body: undefined } },
      type: 'before',
      fn: 'mongolass.model(\'users\').find()',
      result: undefined,
      take: 1 }
    { requestId: 'dad593c0-c4a1-4640-a00e-9ba0349cfd2f',
      step: 5,
      filename: '/Users/nswbmw/node/koa-yield-breakpoint/example/routes/users.js:13:16',
      timestamp: Wed Oct 26 2016 18:28:49 GMT+0800 (CST),
      this:
       { state: {},
         request:
          { method: 'GET',
            path: '/users',
            header: [Object],
            query: [Object] },
         response: { status: 404, body: undefined } },
      type: 'after',
      fn: 'mongolass.model(\'users\').find()',
      result: [ { _id: 5810856182d0eea2f12030fd, name: 'xx', age: 18 } ],
      take: 4 }
    { requestId: 'dad593c0-c4a1-4640-a00e-9ba0349cfd2f',
      timestamp: Wed Oct 26 2016 18:28:49 GMT+0800 (CST),
      this:
       { state: {},
         request:
          { method: 'GET',
            path: '/users',
            header: [Object],
            query: [Object] },
         response: { status: 200, body: [Object] } },
      type: 'end',
      step: 6,
      take: 1 }
    

    注意: type 是 ['start', 'beforeYield', 'afterYield', 'error', 'end'] 其中一种, take 单位是 ms 。

    1 、 start: 请求到来时第一次打点 2 、 beforeYield: 上一个 yieldExpression 之后到这一个 yieldExpression 之前 3 、 afterYield: 这个 yieldExpression 开始到结束 4 、 error: 错误日志, koa-yield-breakpoint 会记录下来,然后再 throw 出去 5 、 end: 请求结束时打点

    真实用例

    const koaYieldBreakpoint = require('koa-yield-breakpoint')({
      files: ['./controllers/*.js', './middlewares/*.js'],
      store: require('./lib/koa_yield_breakpoint_logstash'),
      loggerName: '__logger',
      requestIdPath: 'header.reqid',
      yieldCondition: (filename, yieldExpression) => {
        // yield next 不包裹 logger
        if (yieldExpression === 'next') {
          return {
            wrapYield: false,
            deep: false
          };
        }
        if (yieldExpression.match(/^db\.sequelize\.transaction/)) {
          return {
            wrapYield: true,
            deep: false
          };
        }
      }
    });
    ...
    app.use(koaYieldBreakpoint);
    

    co-yield-breakpoint

    koa-yield-breakpoint 主要用在 Koa 的 routes 、 controllers 或 middlewares 文件。 co-yield-breakpoint 主要用来给普通 yield 表达式(如 lib 或 models 下的文件)打点(没有 requestId ,所以 log 是零散的,这里只用来计算平均耗时),实现原理跟 koa-yield-breakpoint 类似,这里不再赘述。

    foo.js

    'use strict';
    
    const co = require('co');
    const Mongolass = require('mongolass');
    const mongolass = new Mongolass();
    mongolass.connect('mongodb://localhost:27017/test');
    
    co(function* () {
      yield mongolass.model('users').create({
        name: 'xx',
        age: 18
      });
    
      const users = yield mongolass.model('users').find();
      console.log('users: %j', users);
    }).catch(e => console.error(e.stack));
    

    终端打印如下:

    {
      "filename": "/Users/nswbmw/node/co-yield-breakpoint/example/foo.js:9:2",
      "timestamp": "2016-11-10T13:53:33.053Z",
      "fn": "mongolass.model('users').create({\n    name: 'xx',\n    age: 18\n})",
      "result": {
        "result": {
          "ok": 1,
          "n": 1
        },
        "ops": [{
          "name": "xx",
          "age": 18,
          "_id": "58247bdd3fb205dbad5418a0"
        }],
        "insertedCount": 1,
        "insertedIds": [null, "58247bdd3fb205dbad5418a0"]
      },
      "take": 55
    }
    {
      "filename": "/Users/nswbmw/node/co-yield-breakpoint/example/foo.js:14:16",
      "timestamp": "2016-11-10T13:53:33.060Z",
      "fn": "mongolass.model('users').find()",
      "result": [{
        "_id": "58247bdd3fb205dbad5418a0",
        "name": "xx",
        "age": 18
      }],
      "take": 7
    }
    users: [{
      "_id": "58247bdd3fb205dbad5418a0",
      "name": "xx",
      "age": 18
    }]
    

    真实用例:

    require('co-yield-breakpoint')({
      files: ['./lib/**/*.js', './models/**/*.js'],
      store: require('./lib/koa_yield_breakpoint_logstash'),
      loggerName: '__coLogger'
    });
    

    koa-yield-breakpoint 其他用法

    store 参数最好自己定义,可以是一个 object 可以是一个实例,只需要有一个 save 方法即可。在 save 方法内可做一些自定义,比如我在 koa-yield_breakpoint_logstash.js 里添加了一些字段(如: url ),同时对正常请求日志过滤了一些字段,对错误请求日志添加了一些字段方便 bug 追踪。如下:

    if (ctx.request) {
      record.request = _.pick(ctx.request, 'headers', 'body', 'query', 'ips');
    }
    

    小心日志打太多啦

    线上 API 在上了 koa-yield-breakpoint + co-yield-breakpoint 这个组合后,我又让运维在 Kibana 作了以下 3 种图表:

    1 、 fn 的平均耗时,由高到低(根据 filename 聚合, 因为 filename 中包含行列数,唯一) 2 、每个接口的平均耗时,由高到低(根据 url 聚合) 3 、所有 requestId 耗时排行(对应这个 requestId 所有日志 take 值累加),由高到低

    看起来效果良好,但后来运维告诉我日志打的太多了,想想也是,一个逻辑复杂的 api 的请求从开始到结束,可能执行了几十次 yield 。。讨论了下,决定只采样 10% 日志。如下:

    exports.save = function save(record, ctx) {
      ...
      if (Math.random() > 0.1 && !record.error) {// co-yield-breakpoint 的 record.error 总为 undefined
        return;
      }
      ...
    };
    

    注意:这里 koa-yield-breakpoint 和 co-yield-breakpoint 的日志都随机取样了 10%, co-yield-breakpoint 的日志倒无所谓,但 koa-yield-breakpoint 的日志则被打散了,也就是说你基本上不可能通过一个 requestId 查到完整的请求日志链了( step 是连续的)。另一种方案是在 koa-yield-breakpoint 中间件之前给 this 添加一个属性:

    function *(next) {
      this.shouldSaveLog = Math.random() < 0.1;
      yield next;
    };
    

    然后再 save 方法内判断一下 shouldSaveLog 决定是否记录这条日志,上面代码改为:

    exports.save = function save(record, ctx) {
      ...
      if (!ctx.shouldSaveLog && !record.error) {
        return;
      }
      ...
    };
    

    这样也实现了只记录 10% 的请求日志,但这种方案是:这个请求的所有日志要么都记,要么都不记(错误日志除外,错误日志一定记)。

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