vertebrae(名词复数):椎骨;构成脊柱(脊椎)的骨头。(单数为 vertebra;在某些语境中也可指动物或鱼类的“脊椎骨”。)
/ˈvɝːtɪbreɪ/
The doctor said two vertebrae in my neck were inflamed.
医生说我脖子里有两块椎骨发炎了。
The accident caused tiny fractures in several vertebrae, which led to long-term back pain and limited movement.
这次事故导致好几块椎骨出现细小骨裂,从而引发长期背痛并限制了活动。
来自拉丁语 vertebra,与 vertere(“转动、旋转”)同源,原意与“关节能转动的结构”相关;后来专指脊柱上一节一节、相互连接并允许身体灵活转动的“椎骨”。英语中复数形式 -ae 保留了拉丁语复数词尾的痕迹。